Monuments And Meanings Of The Country Of Iraq And France

Monuments Meanings Essay In the country of Iraq and France stand two monuments that hold a distinct purpose in cultural background and architecture: The Ziggurat at Ur, and The Charters Cathedral in Paris. Despite the difference in time, and place the people who built them shared a goal and a dream. Through the importance of their faith, they used that strength to guide them. The people of Ur and Paris created a sanctuary for their god, used that place as an edifice to worship, took the time to make them alluring monuments, and also worked hard to made sure that they would not go unnoticed in their city. The first monument in Mesopotamia, The Ziggurat at UR, is a temple that was built around 2100 B.C.E. by the King Ur-Nammu of the Third Dynasty of Ur. This monument was built for the moon god Nanna, he is the divine patron for the city. This structure is significant because it would have been the highest point in the city. This would be the place that the citizen would come to and bring their surplus and would then receive their food allotments. They would come and store harvested crops in honor of the Nanna. The people would also come to this temple for spiritual needs as well. The people believed it was the place where Nanna chose to come and dwell. With that they created a shrine for the god on top of the ziggurat. They believed that their god had needs just like mortals. To serve their god’s needs they had a chamber that would be occupied by a maiden for the god’sShow MoreRelatedMuslim Spain (711-1492)8971 Words   |  36 PagesAl-Andalus. This land called Al-Andalus, hence often called Andalusia had at one point included Portugal, Southern France, and the Balearic Islands. Within 3 years, in 714, Muslims had occupied almost all the peninsula. Muslims crossed to Sicily and established control there for 130 years, until Muslim rule fell in 1091 to the Normans. Muslims also established rule in parts of France, but they were soon defeated by Charles Martel in 756, in which remains today one of the greatest victories for ChristianRead MoreThe Birth of Civilization18947 Wor ds   |  76 PagesEurope had caught up, and after 1700, it led. India had invented Arabic numerals, and Arab thinkers inspired GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE Paleolithic Age The earliest period when stone tools were used, from about 1,000,000 to 10,000 B.C.E. From the Greek meaning â€Å"old stone.† From Hunter-gatherers to Food-producers- Overcoming Obstacles at myhistorylab.com Read the Document The Toolmaker (3300 B.C.E.) at myhistorylab.com Read the Document The Development of Religion at myhistorylab.com Read theRead MoreNew World Order in Conspiracy Theory13987 Words   |  56 PagesLodges  act as such, and do not agree on many other points of belief and practice. Also, as can be seen from a  survey of famous Freemasons, individual Freemasons hold beliefs that span the  spectrum of politics. The term Masonic government has no meaning since individual Freemasons hold many different opinions on what constitutes a  good government, and Freemasonry as a body has no opinion on the topic.[38] Ultimately, Freemasons argue that even if it were proven that influential individuals have usedRead MoreA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 Pageswhich is repeated, along with other aphorisms by the same author, in Book IV, chapter 4 (pp.168-71). The effects of the planets on the geographic regions of the earth are now illustrated, certain products and other features peculiar to foreign countries being specified, in a mixture of the true and the fantastic. In the middle of this section is a list of the products of Spain, the author’s homeland, and the whole concludes, in spite of the author’s leaning towards astrology, with a quotation fromRead More1000 Word Essay85965 Words   |  344 Pageswhat areas? Communicating performance standards to the rated NCO. It should specifically let the rated NCO know what is expected during the rating period. The rater shows the rated NCO the rating chain and a complete duty description, discusses the meaning of the values and responsibilities contained on the NCOER, and explains the standards for success. (DA PAM 623-3 May 2006 / 3-1 / PDF 36) Who is the last individual to sign the NCOER? The rated NCO (AR 623-3 May 2006 / 3-37 / PDF 45) Does the

Definition and Examples of Online Reading

Censorship in Schools Essay - 3746 Words

Censorship in Schools There has recently been a renewed interest and passion in the issue of censorship. In the realm of the censorship of books in schools alone, several hundred cases have surfaced each year for nearly the past decade. Controversies over which books to include in the high school English curriculum present a clash of values between teachers, school systems, and parents over what is appropriate for and meaningful to students. It is important to strike a balance between English that is meaningful to students by relating to their lives and representing diversity and satisfying worries about the appropriateness of what is read. This burden often falls on teachers. The purpose of this research paper is to discuss†¦show more content†¦Censorship can take different shapes depending on the public school system: Schools can give teachers a list of acceptable books to teach, just provide guidelines, or leave it up to the teachers to judge which books are appropriate (Agee, 1999). Teachers are often very nervous about including texts that are not traditional or specifically approved by the school, especially because of the highly publicized cases of teachers whose careers have been ruined because of censorship debates in courts and school systems (Agee, 1999). First Amendment Rights Relating to the Censorship of Books Censorship cases often bring about debates over students’ first amendment rights. Students’ first amendment rights are important to preserve so that students can not be excluded from meaningful works or literature. It is understandable for the government to design educational plans as a way to get its voice into classrooms, but â€Å"the truth-promoting function of the First Amendment provides no reason, however, to question the right of students to explore a variety of ideas and perspectives, and to form and express ideas of their own† (Brown, 1994, p. 30). Schools already place a restriction on religious material or material addressing current political controversy (Brown, 1994). Censors typically feel as though the subject material of controversial books in the high school English curriculum is too much for teenagers to handle (Shen, 2002).Show MoreRelatedCensorship in Schools Today788 Words   |  3 PagesThe word censorship is from the Latin word root of censere, which means to give an opinion or expression to be judged upon. Censorship is the restriction of certain material, and due to its expression it is seen offensive to someone else. The origin of expression of censorship can be tracked back to the Roman Empire when Roman officials assessed the conduct and attitudes of other Roman citizens. The Roman government viewed that in order to have a strong government, the behavior and conduct of theRead MoreThe Importance Of Censorship In Schools1085 Words   |  5 PagesCensorship is a threat to our intellectual freedom. However, many support the idea that books should be banned from schools. The First Amendment to the United States Constitution guarantees the freedom of speech and press. The freedom of speech includes the freedom to have unrestricted access to information. Yet throughout history, the movement against banning books usually falls into three categories: political, moral, and religious. With these disputes in mind, we will discuss the reasons we needRead MoreEssay on Censorship in Schools2179 Words   |  9 PagesCensorship in Schools According to â€Å"Freedom of Speech† by Gerald Leinwand, Abraham Lincoln once asked, â€Å"Must a government, of necessity, be too strong for the liberties of its people, or too weak to maintain its own existence (7)?† This question is particularly appropriate when considering what is perhaps the most sacred of all our Constitutionally guaranteed rights, freedom of expression. Lincoln knew well the potential dangers of expression, having steered the Union through the bitterly divisiveRead MoreEssay on Censorship in Schools is not Justifiable959 Words   |  4 PagesCensorship in School is Not Justifiable Walt Whitman once said, â€Å"The dirtiest book of all is the expurgated book.† Between the years 2000 and 2009 a total of 3200 books were challenged in school libraries in an attempt to expurgate, or censor, the content in books provided to students. Today the trend of censorship continues as popular novels such as The Hunger Games, The Fault in Our Stars, and Captain Underpants are censored from schools across the nation (Challenges by Reason).Censorship in regardsRead More Censorship in American Schools Essay1156 Words   |  5 PagesCensorship in American Schools You may not realize this but our government plays a large role in governing what sort of information America’s children are exposed to. The average American child receives the majority of their knowledge and education from school, so the information that is allowed to be taught is a very delicate and controversial issue. Literature is often altered or banned from public schools and libraries because they contain of vulgar language, excessive violence, or connotationsRead More Censorship in Public Schools Essay1625 Words   |  7 Pages(Berger 59). -A Vermont high school librarian is forced to resign because she fought the school boards decision to remove Richard Prices The Wanderers, and to quot;restrictquot; the use of Stephen Kings Carrie and Patrick Manns Dog Day Afternoon (Jones 33). -An Indiana school board takes action that leads to the burning of many copies of a textbook that deals with drugs and the sexual behavior of teenagers (Berger 61). These cases of censorship in public schools are not unusual and there isRead MorePros and Cons of Censorship in Schools801 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Censorship is the process of suppressing something that is considered objectionable or offensive† (Emert 1). In order for a work to become censored, some authority figure imposes restrictions that establish what would be and would not be allowed to be put in front of the public for people to read. The standards those in authority base their restrictions off of are the standards set by the publishers, producers, and agencies of that work. Censorship is something that affects many people especiallyRead MoreEssay on Censorship in Libraries and Schools1074 Words   |  5 PagesCensorship in Libraries and Schools What would you do if you went to your childs school and saw that they were looking at inappropriate material on the internet? Would you react the same way if they were in a public library? Who decides what is okay for your children to view? Who decides where they can view it? What can you do about them being able to view these things? Are there any laws that can prevent this from happening? What are some schools and libraries doing to help prevent childrenRead MoreCensorship For Middle School Students Essay1111 Words   |  5 PagesCensorship by definition is the suppression of speech or removal of communicative material which may be considered objectionable or repulsive. Censorship is nothing new and its effects are constantly felt throughout society. Many societies use censorship to protect the established moral and social order. Book censorship in western cultures can be traced to the earliest years of Christianity, when the church began to suppress opposing views as unorthodox. In ancient times, before the printing pressRead More High School Internet Censorship Essay1019 Words   |  5 PagesHigh School Internet Censorship       The common image that comes to mind on the topic of censorship is that of book burning. Dating back to ancient times, the easiest way to deal with unwanted writings has been to get rid of them, usually by heaping them into a blazing pyre. In his most famous science fiction novel, Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury warns of a futuristic society where all literature is destroyed under a kerosene flame and the citizens freedoms are kept in check by the lack of written

Discourse Cultural Politics of Education

Question: Discuss about the Discourse Cultural Politics of Education. Answer: Introduction: ACARA has expressed that an Australian curriculum would be contributing to the stipulation of a world class edification in Australia by setting out the information, indulgent and skills essential for life and effort in the twenty first century and by situations in frequent high standards of attainment athwart the country (ACARA, 2013). The following essay is going to analyse the mode of national curricular structure in Australia. The focus of the essay is going to be on the primary and the secondary schools in the country. The Assessment and Reporting Authority develops, designs and reviews the Australian curriculum.. Schools in Australia have been undergoing different phases since the age of colonisation in the country. In the beginning period, the schools were segmented into major three categories. These are the catholic schools, the government schools and the private run schools (White, 2014). The divisional categories of the schools somehow created an economic class division in t he Australian society. However, the major issues of national curriculum in the country have been pertaining to the funding. Governments initiative to provide substantial and adequate funds in the government schools have been much talked about. The essay is going to cover the entire process of curricular structure in all modes of Schools in Australia. Since 2014 the all the kindergartens in the country have been taken under the national curriculum of Australia. However, introduction of the national curriculum in Australia has raised several questions pertaining to its authenticity because it was not introduced in a straightforward matter (Thomas, 2015). In the year 2014, the Australian Government declared that there would be an independent review on the Australian Curriculum in order to ensure independence and prowess of the framework. Earlier, the curricular structure in the country used to differ according to the schools and their ownership and location. In the year 1962, Goulburn Strike foresaw that the academic structure of the country was going to be changed and brought under the same shade (Ditchburn, 2015). Before, the emergence of the twenty first century, the Australian schools were categorised into major three segments- depending on ownership and authority- these were the schools run by the Catholic Church, the schools run by the Government and the schools run by the private owners. However, most of the schools sought for government- specifically public funding. Lack of funding in the public (government) schools entailed poor academic infrastructure and lack of cohesive study. In the catholic schools, the students were tau ght the religious scriptures more than science and modern social study (Lynch, 2014). Fortunately, Goulburn Strike of 1962 gave way to the formation of Australian schools Commission in the nineteen seventies. In the later years, the public schools were relieved from the problem and tension of proper funding, however, the funding was only done by the Federal Government whereas it was supposed to be implemented by the provincial governments who could took better care of the public schools. With the ultra capitalist mindset of the Commonwealth Government in Australia, the private or other non-government schools received ample aid and funding whereas the public schools kept suffering from the poor academic and curricular facility. This was highly criticised by the Australian Labour Party. The commission head Gonski, who reviewed the contemporary situation and recommended funding systems for the public schools, looked after Reformation in the mode of funding in the public schools in Australia. Gonski Review recommended increase of funding in a heterogeneous way to the scho ols. (educationtoday.com.au, 2017) Despite extremity in the funding, the schools did not experience better learning opportunity. Several critics argue that funding does not bring in proper infrastructure in the schools. It needs pedagogical and teaching reformation. This concept entailed the notion and idea of free learning. According to the constitution, the responsibility of the schools in the country ought to be shouldered upon by the state and territory governments. Therefore, the state and territory governments invigilate the rules and regulation pertaining to the school education, funding and administration. Introduction and establishment of the Australian Curriculum in the academic institutes has been a phenomenal initiative by the Australian government. It is, no doubt, a joint venture of all the provincial and territorial powers. Having departed from the entire concept of sole funding method in the schools, the Australian Curriculum has now emphasised upon the external and internal development of the students through solid academic support from the government. ACARA has reviewed that fund was not the ultimate way to generate academic interest among the students or other greater masses. Funding could not be the foundation for education; rather knowledge was a better substitute. Incorporation of knowledge, discipline, competency, standard, assessment and reporting became the pillar of academic institutes under this particular initiative (Review of the Australian Curriculum, 2017). Australian Curriculum has been designed in different structures: Learning F-2, Learning 3-6 and Learning 7-10. The main objective of the implementation of Australian Curriculum was to provide a global learning opportunity to the students and build innovative pedagogy among the teachers. There are some disciplinary segments in the learning areas of the national curriculum. It is nothing but a firm amalgamation of knowledge, skill and understanding of cross-curriculum priorities and general capabilities (australia ncurriculum.edu.au, 2017). The Australian Curriculum highly differed from the conventional method of supporting school education. Now the schools focused on acquiring better teachers who could generate competency in a student. Individual development became the focus of the initiative. This endeavour relieved the schools from a problem of academic differentiation. Due to verities of teaching and examination method, the students would suffer the most while shifting from one state to another state. The concept of one nation one curriculum was generated in order to omit the complexities in diverse curricular system. The national document of Australian Curriculum was written focusing on two sections in the Curriculum Development Process v6.0 and the Curriculum Design Paper v3.1. The documents regarding the development of the Australian Curriculum has four major phases namely shaping, writing, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. Though the government took the initiative, it has witnessed a huge setback in term of implementation. The reason behind such lacuna was sudden change in Government. The new commonwealth government formed a committee to review the existing curriculum directions in a critical way (aph.gov.au, 2017). It has been experienced that constant flux in the national curriculum in Australia has adversely affected the primary and middle school teachers. Since the major responsibility of educational reformation lies on the shoulder of the state and territorial governments, most of the regional authorities are found to implement their own approach towards educational reformation. Development of C2C by the University of Queensland is an example of such independent endeavours taken by the state governments. The introduction of Australian curriculum in the national academic sectors of the country has brought many ramifications with it as it has provided many opportunities to all sorts of stakeholders. Internal stakeholders of the schools such as the teachers, the students and the administrative personnel are directed to apply the national curriculum in different academic and pedagogical levels so that overall development of the students is executed and generated through empirical study method. The Australian curriculum ensures that every student, irrespective of region will receive equal academic service with similar syllabi and teaching method. The curriculum follows the teaching and academic technique of the twenty first century as it broadens the scope of knowledge procurement through e learning and interactive sessions. One of the most effective programs initiated for the vindication of Australian Curriculum is the implementation of NAPLAN (The National Assessment Program- Literacy and Numeracy) test. NAPALAN test is set to assess the basic eligibility of the students pertaining to the learning of language and number. The assessment result of NAPLAN leads to the judgment of ones foundation to advance learning (NAPLAN, 2017). However, there always remains a question regarding proper implementation of the proposed structure of the assessment and the assessment review. Whether the students are actually judged, whether contextual development programs are formed- are always in doubt. Since teachers are the most effective force in the classroom in providing better curriculum opportunities to the students, the governing authority needs to confirm cent percent involvement of the teaching faculties in accepting technological advancements inside the classrooms. Here lies the issue of lacuna between technological implementation and acceptance in the classrooms. Most of the old school teachers are found to reject the implementation of ICT (Information and Communication Technology). Such rejection of modernity in the classrooms, especially in the junior and middle schools often creates a huge gap between the objective of Australian Curriculum and its practice. The following diagram shows different dimensions of the Australian Curriculum. Australian Curriculum has been formed in order to meet student diversity. Standing on the twenty first century, Australia has become a global hub of higher education. The foundation of higher studies and academic quality is solely dependent upon the pedagogical and formative excellence in the middle and junior schools. The national curriculum of the country does not only focus on the native Australian students, it also puts equal emphasis on those who arrive to the country in order to gain knowledge and facility of world class education in different genre. A critical view to the overall incident may incur huge argument because of lack of prudence in the action of the formation of ACARA. Only one phase if Australian Curriculum was implemented and before any further implementation, it was put under review. Such indecisive approach to the education system is highly commendable. ACARA reviews are seen to have raised questions instead of giving proper solution to them. The purpose of the Australian curriculum is to set a paradigmatic example in every sphere of academic activity. The curriculum does not intend to reject or hinder any student from enjoying global academic facilities. The national curriculum extensively adheres to the terms and regulations of The Disability Discrimination Act of 1992. The curriculum has set a standard for the physically challenged students. It shall be the obligations of the academic providers and facilitators like the teachers, the Principals and other educating factors to approach every student on the same b asis. Present day structure of the Australian Curriculum is multi-dimensional. The authorities and the educators are highly obligated to advance the potential of every student. This is how the objectives of the curriculum can be met. Reference: ACARA - Curriculum. (2017). Acara.edu.au. Retrieved 4 April 2017, from https://www.acara.edu.au/curriculum aph.gov.au. (2017). aph.gov.au. Retrieved 4 April 2017, from https://www.aph.gov.au/binaries/library/pubs/bn/sp/schoolsfunding.pdf Ditchburn, G. (2015). The Australian curriculum: Historythe challenges of a thin curriculum?.Discourse: Studies in the cultural politics of education,36(1), 27-41. educationtoday.com.au. (2017). educationtoday.com.au. Retrieved 4 April 2017, from https://www.educationtoday.com.au/_images/articles/pdf/article-pdf-1005.pdf F-10 overview - Structure - The Australian Curriculum v8.3. (2017). Australiancurriculum.edu.au. Retrieved 5 April 2017, from https://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/overview/structure Lynch, T. (2014). Australian curriculum reform II: Health and physical education.European Physical Education Review,20(4), 508-524. NAPLAN. (2017). Nap.edu.au. Retrieved 5 April 2017, from https://www.nap.edu.au/naplan/the-tests Review of the Australian Curriculum. (2017). Students First. Retrieved 4 April 2017, from https://www.studentsfirst.gov.au/review-australian-curriculum Thomas, V. (2015). The Australian Curriculum: Secondary considerations.Learning to Teach in the Secondary School, 86. White, S. (2014). Union responds to Australian curriculum review.Newsmonth,34(2), 5.